The Journey Home 2025 — Bologna

We had an excellent guide in Bologna provided by Phil~italy. One the most fascinating parts of the tour was the tour of the Jewish ghetto.

The Bologna Ghetto was established in 1556 when the Jewish community in Bologna was confined to a small, enclosed area near Via dell’Inferno. It was created by papal decree under Pope Paul IV, a decision that reflected the broader policies of the Catholic Church to segregate and control Jewish populations. Life in the ghetto was marked by discrimination, economic hardship, and restrictions on movement, though the community maintained its cultural and religious traditions. In 1593, the Jews were expelled from Bologna altogether, and the ghetto was emptied. Today, the former ghetto area is a vibrant part of the city, with signs and landmarks commemorating its historical significance.

During the Black Plague, the Jewish community in Bologna, like many others in Europe, faced increased persecution as they were often scapegoated for the spread of the disease. Within the Bologna Ghetto, residents endured harsh living conditions, including overcrowding, poor sanitation, and limited access to medical care, which likely exacerbated the impact of the plague on the population. Despite their suffering, the Jewish community demonstrated remarkable resilience, maintaining their traditions even in the face of disease and discrimination.

One of the lesser-known facts about the Neptune Fountain is the optical illusion ingeniously designed by Giambologna. From a specific angle, Neptune’s thumb aligns perfectly with his groin, creating the illusion of an erect phallus. This subtle rebellion against the church’s censorship showcases Giambologna’s cleverness and perhaps a hidden critique of the era’s moral constraints.

When booking with Phil~italy mention Italian Roots and Genealogy